Osteoarthritis
Overview
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide. It happens when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time.
Although osteoarthritis can damage any joint, the condition most commonly affects joints in the hands, knees, hips and spine.
Osteoarthritis symptoms can usually be managed, although the damage to joints can't be reversed. Staying active, maintaining a healthy weight and receiving certain treatments might slow progression of the disease and help improve pain and joint function.
Symptoms
Osteoarthritis symptoms often develop slowly and worsen over time. Symptoms of osteoarthritis include:
- Pain. Affected joints might hurt during or after movement.
- Stiffness. Joint stiffness might be most noticeable upon awakening or after being inactive.
- Tenderness. Joints might feel tender when you apply light pressure to or near them.
- Loss of flexibility. You might not be able to move your joint through its full range of motion.
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- Grating sensation. You might feel a grating sensation when you use the joint, and you might hear popping or crackling.
- Bone spurs. These extra bits of bone, which feel like hard lumps, can form around the affected joint.
- Swelling. This might be caused by soft tissue inflammation around the joint.
Osteoarthritis of the spine
In osteoarthritis of the spine, disks narrow and bone spurs form.
Osteoarthritis of the hip
The hip joint on the right side of the image shows bone spurs and worn cartilage caused by osteoarthritis.
When to see a doctor
If joint pain or stiffness doesn't go away, make an appointment with your healthcare professional.
Reference: Mao Clinic